Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-05-15 Origin: Site
Lubrication is the core of jaw crusher maintenance, which directly determines the service life of moving parts and the stability of equipment operation. Correct lubrication can reduce friction, lower temperature rise, prevent corrosion, and extend the overhaul cycle.
Grease Selection
Select grease types according to on-site climate and working conditions. Calcium-based grease features strong water resistance and is suitable for humid and water-containing environments. Sodium-based grease offers good high-temperature resistance and adapts to continuous high-load working conditions. Calcium-sodium-based grease combines comprehensive performance and is suitable for general working conditions. In dry and low-friction environments, thin oil can be used appropriately to improve flow performance.
Lubrication Cycle and Standards
The grease filling volume in the bearing housing shall be controlled at 50%–70% of the inner volume. Excessive filling will cause heat accumulation, while insufficient filling will lead to insufficient lubrication. Grease must be replaced every 3–6 months. When replacing, the bearing raceway must be thoroughly cleaned with gasoline or kerosene to remove old oil and impurities. The joint surface between the thrust plate and support seat, as well as the contact area between the toggle plate and gaskets, shall be coated with grease regularly. All lubrication points must be inspected once per shift to ensure smooth oil path and sufficient supply.
Key Lubrication Parts
Key parts include eccentric shaft bearings, connecting rod bearings, and adjustment mechanism screws. These parts bear periodic impact and heavy friction, and their lubrication status directly affects the reliability of the whole machine.
The V-belt is the key component for power transmission. Its tension and integrity directly affect crushing efficiency and operational stability.
Adjustment Method
Check belt tension manually: press the middle of the belt with the thumb, and the proper deflection shall be 15–20 mm. If the belt is too loose, adjust the motor base position or tension pulley to restore proper tension. If the belt is seriously worn, cracked, aged, or broken, it must be replaced immediately to avoid slipping or sudden breakage.
Precautions
When replacing belts, use products with the same length, model, and mark, and ensure consistent running direction. It is strictly prohibited to mix old and new belts or use mismatched specifications, so as to prevent uneven stress, service life reduction, and transmission instability.
Wear parts are consumables that determine the continuous operation cycle of the crusher. Standardized replacement can reduce downtime and ensure crushing effect.
Jaw Plates
Made of high manganese steel such as ZGMn13 with high impact toughness and wear resistance. The symmetric reversible design allows turning around when one side is worn, thus doubling the service life. The replacement cycle is about 6–12 months for limestone working conditions, and shortened to 3–6 months for hard rock such as granite.
Side Cheek Plates and Toggle Plates
Side cheek plates protect the frame from material scouring and need to be replaced about every 6 months. Toggle plates act as safety parts. Once broken, the machine must be stopped immediately to check for foreign matter jamming, so as to protect key components such as the connecting rod and eccentric shaft from damage.
Bearings
Spherical roller bearings are commonly used, with a design service life of 3–5 years. Radial internal clearance and lubrication conditions must be checked regularly. Abnormal noise or temperature rise indicates early failure.
Pull Rod Spring
The pre-tightening force must be calibrated regularly to maintain proper tension. If the spring or pull rod breaks, check whether the discharge opening is overloaded or adjusted improperly.
Causes
Poor lubrication increases friction resistance; jaw plates are severely worn or the discharge opening is too wide; power supply is insufficient, voltage is unstable, or the motor is overloaded.
Solutions
Check the lubrication system and replenish or replace grease; adjust the discharge opening and replace worn jaw plates; test motor current and voltage, maintain circuits, and upgrade motor power if necessary.
Mechanical Causes
Bearings produce noise due to lack of lubrication, raceway peeling, or cage damage, often accompanied by temperature rise; jaw plates or lining plates loose due to loose bolts cause metal impact sound; flywheel vibration is caused by unbalance or worn keyway.
Troubleshooting Procedure
① Stop the machine and check all fastening bolts.
② Disassemble and inspect bearings, measure clearance, and replace damaged parts.
③ Calibrate the dynamic balance of the flywheel.
Diagnostic Standard
The operating temperature of rolling bearings over 95℃ or a temperature rise over 55℃ is regarded as abnormal overheating.
Solutions
Clean bearings and replace grease, check sealing parts; adjust the fitting tolerance between shaft and bearing with interference controlled at 0.02–0.05 mm; straighten the bent eccentric shaft or replace deformed parts.
Adjustment Strategy
Calibrate the discharge opening by adding or removing gaskets behind the thrust plate support or using the hydraulic adjustment mechanism to control qualified particle size. Optimize feeding to ensure uniform distribution and avoid partial load causing unilateral jaw plate wear.
Common Fault Analysis
If the motor cannot start, check the fuse, line connection, and overload protector. For over-current alarm (AOC), eliminate mechanical jamming, material blockage, or power voltage fluctuation.
Maintenance Type | Cycle | Main Content |
|---|---|---|
Routine Inspection | Per shift | Lubrication replenishment, bolt tightening, belt condition check |
Minor Repair | 1–3 months | Replace worn liners, adjust discharge opening, clean crushing chamber |
Medium Repair | 1–2 years | Replace thrust plate, repair bearing bushes, calibrate bearing clearance |
Overhaul | 5 years | Replace eccentric shaft and jaw shaft, fully refurbish lubrication system |
The stable and efficient operation of a jaw crusher depends on systematic maintenance management and accurate fault identification. Standardized lubrication management, regular replacement of wear parts, reasonable process adjustment, and real-time condition monitoring can greatly extend equipment service life, reduce failure rate, and improve crushing efficiency.
The key points of on-site management include:
First, implement preventive maintenance. Formulate targeted lubrication, inspection, and replacement plans according to ore properties, feeding size, and working hours to avoid unexpected shutdowns.
Second, establish a data-driven management mechanism. Record real-time operating data such as bearing temperature, motor current, load rate, and maintenance records, so as to predict potential risks and optimize maintenance strategies.
Third, strengthen operator training. Improve the ability to identify abnormal signals such as noise, vibration, temperature rise, and current fluctuation, so that problems can be found and handled at the early stage.
In actual production, only by adhering to standardized operation, regular maintenance, and timely troubleshooting can the jaw crusher maintain high efficiency, long service life, and low operating cost, creating stable economic benefits for the crushing production line.
